Agriculture is Virginia’s largest private industry. The industry has an economic impact of
$82.3 billion annually, provided more than 381,800 jobs in the Commonwealth, and $43.8
billion in value-added impact. The industries of agriculture and forestry together have a
total economic impact of over $105 billion and provide more than 490,000 jobs in the
Commonwealth. Every job in agriculture and forestry supports 1.6 jobs elsewhere in
Virginia’s economy.
According to a 2021 economic impact study, livestock production accounted for approximately
63 percent of farm cash receipts, with poultry, beef, and dairy constituting the largest
products. Crops make up the difference with grains, such as corn, wheat, and soybeans, being
the most significant field crops. Virginia’s food, beverage, and fiber processors and
manufacturers buy many of their agricultural commodity inputs from Virginia farmers. These
industries have grown by approximately 1,100 jobs (two percent) over the last five years.
When the employment and value-added impact of agriculture and forestry are considered
together, they make up 9.3 percent of the state’s total gross domestic product.
In addition to its tangible benefits such as farm cash receipts and jobs, agriculture
provides many intangible benefits. These include recreation, tourism, wildlife habitat,
biodiversity, flood mitigation, improved water quality and soil stabilization.
Source: 2021 The Economic Impact of
Virginia's Agriculture and Forest Industries, Weldon Cooper Center for Public
Service, University of Virginia
Virginia’s agricultural production is one of the most diverse in the nation. Many Virginia
commodities and products rank in the top 10 among all U.S. states. In 2023, Virginia ranked
third nationally for the production of tobacco and in seafood landings, sixth for apples and
turkey production, and eighth for peanuts and broiler production.
Source: USDA’s 2022 National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) and the Economic
Research Service (ERS)
In 2023, Virginia’s agricultural and forestry exports were valued at more than $3.6 billion
dollars. Virginia’s top five export markets in 2023 were China, Canada, United Kingdom,
Taiwan, and Belgium. China imported more than $912 million in agricultural purchases, while
Canada totaled more than $429 million and the United Kingdom imported more than $247 million
in 2023.
Virginia’s top agricultural and forestry exports in 2023 were soybeans at over $1.4 billion,
pork at more than $862 million, wood products exceeded $400 million, poultry at over $200
million, and tobacco earning more than $180 million.
The VDACS Office of International Marketing assists Virginia’s agricultural, food and forest
product producers assess market potential, understand international regulations, identify
buyers and learn about product-specific export programs and marketing events. In addition,
the office promotes Virginia agricultural commodities, wood products, seafood and specialty
food and beverage items through a global network of trade representatives.
Source: Global Trade Information Services Inc.
Under Virginia law, the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (VDACS)
publishes an annual report detailing agricultural land in the Commonwealth owned by foreign
entities. This report provides comprehensive data on the total acreage of foreign-owned
farmland, highlights percentage changes over time, and outlines how these lands are being
utilized. It also identifies any significant trends or recent shifts in foreign ownership.
- Virginia has 39,000 Farms.
- Virginia farm operations cover 7,300,000 acres.
- The average size of a Virginia farm is 187 acres.
- 95% of Virginia farms are family-owned.
- Virginia is home to 20,378 new and beginning farmers.
- Average age of a Virginia farmer is 59.2 years old
Source: 2022 USDA Census of Agriculture, 2022 survey data from NASS and the Economic
Research Service (ERS)